Profession of a dog 8 letters. Dog Profession: Guide, Guard, Rescuer... and True Friend

Of all the animals, not too many species have been domesticated enough to live and work side by side with humans. Among them, a worthy place is occupied by our helpers - dogs. Their main mission on earth is to be our true friends. What are the most popular dog professions.

Rescue dogs

Dogs naturally have a delicate sense of smell. People took advantage of this and trained some to be lifeguards. These dogs are looking for those buried under avalanches or injured during an earthquake. Swiss experts conducted an experiment, they hid a man at a depth of 2 m and first instructed rescuers to find him. They found the victim after 4 hours. The rescue dog did the same job in 12 minutes.

If a person is wounded and bleeds without being able to bandage his wounds, then his life is measured in minutes. The sooner the rescue dog finds him and people remove the victim from under the rubble of the house, the snow avalanche, the more chances he has to stay alive. Dogs are trained according to a special program. They are happy to serve people, save lives in any bad weather.

Dogs working as guards

Most often, the guards take large dogs service breeds. Good in this role with Airedales, different breeds large molossians. The dog needs knowledge of breeds, obedience to a partner, the ability to think independently and make decisions according to circumstances.

With service dogs they detain offenders. Some dogs are wounded and even killed with firearms. Of course, dogs do not understand the danger they are exposed to, most often they are natural leaders. They are brave and hardy, they know when to give a voice, they signal to their human partner about the detention of the offender.

The guard must be confident in his abilities. He cannot be trusted by strangers, since one of the strangers may turn out to be a thief who wants to rob the owners and even cause physical harm. Some guard dogs are trained to attack strangers who wander into their domain. Others will simply stop the person and keep him until the owner arrives.

In the villages, many breed Caucasian shepherd dogs to protect the yards,. Often during the day they are on a chain or in an aviary, and at night they are released to patrol the territory. These and other service breeds (Moscow watchdog, various mastiffs, etc.) are hardy and unpretentious. For which they are appreciated and appreciated by the owners.

Dogs walking in harness

These dogs are very hardy. These include, among others: huskies, huskies, samoyeds. They can transport people and goods over different distances. Everyone remembers the story of Balto, the leader of the team, who brought the vaccine and saved many people from death during the epidemic.

Archaeologists in Kamchatka in the valley of geysers found a team that is at least 8 thousand years old. This means that already at that time people used dogs as sled dogs. In a day, dogs in a team can cover a distance of 100 km. At the same time, they carry not only a person, people, but also cargo, a musher.

If you look at the appearance of sled dogs, you will see that they are medium in size, but stocky and fluffy. An excellent undercoat protects them in severe frosts. These dogs are able to make their own decisions and act in difficult situations.

They say that among some northern peoples who honor traditions, puppies eat from the same plate with children. This makes the bond between them even stronger. Sled dogs are loyal and friendly. There was a practice when a dog that showed aggression towards a person who bit him was immediately killed in the village.

bloodhound dogs

These dogs are distinguished by their ability to search for, for example, truffle mushrooms, drugs or explosives, a person who has gone into the forest and got lost. Excellent scent in dogs of hunting breeds. These include spaniels, and. German Shepherds are good at hunting. These dogs are able to find drugs hidden in the double bottom of a cross-border car.

When a person is lost and a cynologist with a dog arrives at the scene of the incident, he gives her a sniff of the thing and she can follow the trail even 30 km. Often they find a lost, starving dog and the dog receives a tasty reward.

Learning to take the trail is not easy, but when the pet masters this skill. it is of great benefit to people. From dogs engaged in the search for something, a balanced character, calmness and high level socialization, so that the dog feels good in the crowd.

Pets working as guides

This profession is taught to dogs from puppyhood. there is a method by which they determine the most capable of being companions and helpers of visually impaired people. After training, the dogs bypass various obstacles, notice signs that hang at the level of a person’s head and which a blind person can hit. Dogs stop at a pit or at a traffic light. So, they can warn their beloved owner of the danger.

A trained dog remembers well the routes that he often walks with the owner. He will not lead him along too narrow passages, to the park, where tree branches hang and the pet will also bypass the puddle. If something falls from the owner's hands, the dog will give it to him.

What puppy has a chance to get this job? Friendly, patient, kind and reserved. It should be a good-natured dog that does not fuss. Abroad, Labradors are willingly hired for this job.

Companions and hunters

Since ancient times, people have hunted game with dogs. Now many breeds have been bred, which are classified as hunting. Some of them drive the beast out of their holes, others perfectly follow the trail, others, having smelled the prey, take a stance. You can also hunt with a pack of dogs. When setters, pointers, spaniels or representatives of other breeds find birds, they will raise them on the wing, and the task of the owners is to shoot the prey.

Thanks to dogs, hunting for men becomes an interesting, gambling holiday. Puppies from working parents. those who do not have a pedigree are not expensive, but from the benefits of them more than their sofa counterparts.

Work as therapists

There is a practice when cute dogs come to the ward of people who have experienced severe injuries due to an accident or catastrophe and patients communicate with them. Dogs often live in nursing homes or children's homes. They may even be inbred.

Children with autism are brought out of this state by pets. Therapists work with a group of 3 dogs. They lie around the little patient and he feels that he is not alone, someone in this world needs him. The kid communicates with them, plays and more and more often, comes into contact with adults.

Shepherds

Good shepherds: Caucasians, Australian shepherds and representatives of other breeds. When the herd is grazing. they are looking after him. Return closer, stray sheep or bull. They can find the missing calf.

Participate in races

Races for an artificial rabbit around the stadium were invented more than 2 centuries ago. Gamblers place bets on this or that dog and some win. Greyhounds are the fastest in this sport.

military

When there is a war, thoroughbred and mongrel dogs help to pull the wounded from the battlefield. They're looking for mines, they can bring mail. For all employees, interacting with a dog is a mental break.

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Dogs are lifeguards
Possessing a subtle instinct, rescue dogs easily find a person under rubble and avalanches. Swiss scientists conducted an experiment. An imaginary victim was hidden on a plot of 10,000 square meters at a depth of 2 meters. The equipped team of rescuers found the victim in 4 hours. The rescue dog found him in 12 minutes. Dogs work - rescuers not only on land, but also on the water. Even in a strong storm, they help people.

Sled dogs
Jack London describes these dogs very well. They have incredible endurance, capable of transporting people and goods over long distances. Ancient dog sleds have been found on the New Siberian Islands. The age of the find is about 8 thousand years. With the help of dogs mastered the poles of the Earth. The Valley of Geysers in Kamchatka was discovered with the help of dogs. During the day, dogs are able to move up to 80 km in deep snow, with a load and a rider. Sled dogs - must be frost-resistant and be able to protect the owner when they meet a hungry predator. These dogs are indispensable in the north, where technology cannot pass. Sometimes in the snowy expanses in harsh polar conditions, a dog remains next to a person - not only a means of transportation, but also a devoted friend.

Dogs are guards
Good guards don't have to be aggressive or big. For a guard dog, the most important qualities are their attentiveness, courage, and most importantly, the ability to give a voice in time and warn a person about danger. In large areas, guard dogs often replace a many-meter fence. They must be aggressive enough to fight back the enemy and very unpretentious, as they have to live in the open.

Guide dogs
One of the most needed dog professions. Guide dogs serve as eyes for blind people. A guide dog can avoid obstacles and warn a blind person about them. Several routes that the owner walks can be stored in her memory. A guide dog will not lead the owner through a puddle, into narrow passages, or where tree branches hang low. She will pick up and give an object that has accidentally fallen from the hands of the owner. The main qualities of dogs of this profession should be patience and restraint. You have to move slowly and carefully.

Dogs are bloodhounds
Using the dog's exceptional sense of smell, drugs or explosives can be detected, for example. With its help, you can follow in the footsteps of a person after 10-12 hours at a distance of up to 30 kilometers. Preparing a professional bloodhound is not easy. Such a dog must be able to detect suspicious substances on a moving conveyor, sometimes in crowds. With the development of technology, the profession of a sniffer dog has not lost its relevance. This work uses such valuable qualities inherent in dogs as conscientiousness and honesty.

Dogs are hunters
The use of dogs for hunting is an old and tried and tested way to increase the efficiency of hunting. Some types of hunting are simply unthinkable without the help of dogs. For example, hunting for capercaillie is impossible without a specially trained dog. A hunting dog, smelling a capercaillie brood, lifts it into the air. Hunting dogs make hunting extremely exciting, beautiful and productive. There are many hunting dog breeds that have been trained for a certain type of hunting for centuries. Some of them are designed to track the beast, others climb into holes and fight there, others make a stand, indicating the location of the prey.

Some breeds of dogs combine several professions, but the main canine profession is to be a companion and friend of a person.

Sometimes it seems that the life of pets consists only of sleep, delicious food and outdoor play. Meanwhile, some dog professions involve risk and rescue. human life. Who are they, tailed heroes? Read in this article.

Some people do not know what to work even after graduation. With dogs, everything is different - they are selected and trained from birth. Surprisingly, they cope with some professions much better than a person. So what do dogs do anyway?

1. Support

Guides help a blind person not only to move along the street, but also to fully return to normal life. , take care of children with autism, often becoming their only friend and support.

2. Therapy

In many countries, the participation of dogs in the rehabilitation of people injured in accidents and disasters is practiced. Some live in orphanages and nursing homes. The presence of an animal is soothing and often works better than seeing a psychologist.

3. Search and rescue

A dog's sense of smell is hundreds of times stronger than a human's. They find people under the rubble of buildings, in deserts and even under water, saving thousands of lives every year.

4. Shepherds

Most commonly used are German Shepherds, Collies, Australian Cattle Dogs, although other breeds are trained if necessary. Follow a herd of sheep or large cattle, return the lost animal and protect from the attack of predators.

5. Sled dogs

Used on early expeditions North Pole and Antarctica, still serve to deliver medicines and provisions in Alaska and in some northern countries.

6. Talismans

In America, it is customary to designate a dog as a symbol of a university or college. Their images are printed on local stamps, T-shirts and even used on flags. educational institutions. Bulldogs are very popular.

7. Hunting

Yes, now hunting is most often entertainment, and not a way to survive, but once everything was different! There are more than 45 hunting breeds in the world. These are dogs with an excellent sense of smell, high physical endurance and absolute trust in a person.

8. Security

Only a dog that has passed several dozen standards can get the right to guard important state facilities. There are fewer requirements for protecting a private house. Shepherds, terriers and other guard breeds are most commonly used.

9. Fight

There is nothing good in having fun looking at dog fight, but it is impossible not to mention this profession. It was for this that pit bull terriers, mastiffs, bulldogs and sharpei were bred.

10. Racing

They were invented more than two hundred years ago and are still practiced in many countries. Dogs run around the stadium after an artificial rabbit, and the victory goes to the fastest (more precisely, to its owner). The most successful breed is the Greyhound.

11. Water Rescue

Training is difficult: the dog must not only be strong, hardy, swim well, be able to grab a person without harming him, but also recognize a swimmer in trouble and rush to help without a command. The most commonly used are Newfoundlands.

12. Truffle tasters

The Lagotto Romagnolo, also known as the Italian Water Dog, is a very ancient breed that was officially recognized only in 1995. Due to the amazing sense of smell, it is used for only one job - search expensive mushrooms truffles.

13. Finding explosives...and more

Another use for dogs' strong sense of smell is to detect anything imaginable, from terrorist-planted explosives and drugs at the border to contraband in prisons.

14. Exhibitions

15. Search for corpses

They work along with rescue dogs, helping to get the dead from the rubble after disasters or terrorist attacks.

16. Police

These dogs have a lot of work to do, from tracking down criminals to protecting people, finding evidence, and rescuing hostages. Contrary to popular belief, not only shepherd dogs are used, but many other breeds as well.

17. Military

During hostilities, dogs help rescue the wounded, detect mines, deliver mail, serve as a loyal defender and, of course, indispensable moral support.

18. Karting

A sport used not only for entertainment, but also to keep sled dogs in shape during the warm season. The essence of the race, during which the dog pulls a cart with firewood or a person.

19. Pest Control

The word "terrier" comes from the Latin "earth". These cute little dogs were bred specifically for rodent control.

20. Entertainment

How not to mention dog actors, circus performers and participants in famous TV shows? And also about the stars social networks garnering millions of likes.

It is difficult to overestimate the help provided by dogs of various professions. All they need in return is sincere care, a little gratitude and delicious treats.

The dog is the first animal that was tamed by man. Among scientists there is no unambiguous opinion why this happened. Perhaps the ancient people gave food to the ancestors of wild dogs, and they remained to live next to the man and under his protection. Over the millennia, people have tamed and domesticated many wild animals. However, only dogs have become loyal friends and indispensable helpers. Possessing a sharp instinct, fast and dexterous, they have mastered many professions, the first of which are home protection and joint hunting with a person.

Dog professions

The list of professions for dogs is huge, and every year it increases. Of all the types of domestic animals, only dogs have such a wide variety of breeds. They differ in abilities, character, size, appearance. And each breed was created by man for specific purposes.

Hunters

The oldest canine profession - the hunter - appeared even earlier than the guard. Dogs are predators, but not the largest and strongest. For a successful hunt, they involuntarily had to unite in packs. In the Stone Age, wild dogs adapted to hunt with people, getting their share of the prey. Initially, hunting dogs served as beaters. But hunting methods improved, and new specializations appeared for four-legged helpers:

• hounds;
• cops;
• greyhounds;
• burrows;
• blood (capable of chasing a wounded animal on a bloody trail, regardless of distance).

Gallery: service dogs (25 photos)

Guards and watchmen

Dogs are pack animals. Their wild ancestors had to defend their flock and territory from strangers. Living next to a person and perceiving him as a member of the pack, they excelled in security and watchdog functions. Their skills improved, and breeds appeared that performed these tasks better than others.

For protection, courageous and hardy dogs were required, distrustful of strangers and able to repel the enemy: German and East European Shepherd Dogs, Bullmastiff, Doberman, Airedale Terrier, Boxer, Giant Schnauzer and others. Representatives of smaller breeds, not so large and aggressive, will cope with the duties of a watchman. Their task is to be vigilant and warn a person about danger in time.

Shepherds

When people began to lead a sedentary lifestyle and started raising domestic animals, their four-legged assistants had new responsibilities: to drive animals out to pasture, collect a wandering herd and drive home, protect livestock from predators. A shepherd with two trained dogs easily manages a herd of 1-1.5 thousand sheep. The best helpers of shepherds are: Australian Kelpie, Border Collie, Australian Heeler, Entlebucher Sennenhund, Scottish Shepherd, Briard.

Sled dogs

Despite scientific and technological progress and the development of technology, the current vehicle in the North remains. Faithful four-legged companions help people survive in the harsh climate of the Arctic, warm during snow storms, protect from predators. Not every breed can do this. These are the Siberian Husky, the Alaskan Malamute, the Wolfdog, the Samoyed Laika, the Chukchi Sled Dog. Strong, hardy and unpretentious animals are able to overcome up to 80 km per day. An obligatory feature, which was fixed by strict selection in the breeds of sled dogs, is a non-aggressive, calm character and great devotion to a person.

People appreciated their loyalty. Rescuing the Chelyuskinites, the pilots took out not only people, but also dogs from the drifting ice floe. Vasily Molokov made a special flight to take them all to one.

Rescuers

The first rescue dogs appeared several centuries ago. They were used to search for people who got lost during snow storms. Thanks to the excellent sense of smell, excellent hearing, endurance, fast reaction they were looking for people under the snowy rubble. In Switzerland, researchers conducted an experiment that proved the benefits of four-legged rescuers. A group of people equipped with special equipment found the victim on the territory of 10 thousand square meters. m. at a depth of 2 meters in 4 hours. It took the trained rescue dog 12 minutes.

Specially bred dog breeds to save people in extreme situations and natural disasters:

• St. Bernards look for people in the mountains, especially useful in snow-covered areas;
• spaniels, with a keen sense of smell and the ability to crawl through narrow cracks, look for victims of earthquakes under the rubble and during fires;
• Newfoundlands, or divers, are resistant to cold and icy water, have membranes between their paws, eyes and ears adapted for scuba diving, are able to dive on great depth and swim tens of kilometers; at the sight of a drowning person, they rush into the water to help;
• German and, Retrievers, Labradors, Dobermans, Drathaars, Rottweilers are also successfully trained and have been serving for many years, saving people's lives.

guides

guide profession four-legged friends man mastered several hundred years ago. And at the beginning of the last century, the first school for guide dogs was established in Germany. Of all breeds, preference was given to Labrador Retrievers, as the most obedient, non-aggressive and energetic. Rottweilers, Giant Schnauzers, German Shepherds do a good job. The way to school is ordered for the mutts. Many breeds are mixed in their pedigrees, and it is not known what reaction they will have in this or that situation.

Dogs-cadets during their studies live with volunteer guides, go with them to school for classes. They are taught to warn a blind person about obstacles on the way, stairs and thresholds, to bypass hatches, fallen trees, curbs and stones, to follow routes and follow the path that a blind person can overcome. A trained dog is permanently given to a new owner, and he works every day in the difficult conditions of a crowded city, bearing responsibility for a person's life.

bloodhounds

If people perceive the world with their eyes, then dogs perceive the world with their nose. Their sense of smell is on average 48 times more sensitive than that of humans. The natural ability of dogs to track down a victim by smell began to be used from 1896 to search for criminals. The initiator was the founder of criminology - the Austrian investigator Hans Gross. In Russia, the first police dogs appeared in 1906 in St. Petersburg.

In 1924, the Central Training and Experimental Nursery was created, which prepared, including for service in law enforcement agencies.

A new breed of dogs bred in Russia at the end of the last century has an incredibly sharp sense of smell. In the 60s, the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs set the task of breeding a bloodhound with an impeccable sense of smell. By crossing a jackal and a husky, a hybrid with truly unique abilities was obtained. The breed is called Shalaika or Sulimov's dog(named after its creator). Even two-month-old hut puppies have a better sense of smell than experienced bloodhounds. In addition, they have extraordinary dexterity, mobility, strong musculoskeletal system, can climb like cats, climbing a net or crawling through small holes.

Since 2002, Sulimov's dogs have been working at the airport, providing security better than scanners, metal detectors and introscopes. Having found explosives, the dog only freezes for a second near suspicious luggage, letting the conductor know where to look for it. It can work continuously for 25 minutes, after which you need a rest in the fresh air.

The use of dogs in the police service depends on what their qualities will be used: a good sense of smell or the ability to track down and detain a criminal. Therefore, dogs are used to pursue intruders, patrol the streets, search for people, search for drugs or weapons. Most often these are German and Belgian Shepherds, Labradors, Giant Schnauzers, Rottweilers and others.

astronauts

Choosing a breed, scientists opted for outbred mutts. They are the most resilient and intelligent. After all, from birth, they have to survive and adapt to the harsh and constantly changing conditions of existence. Before Yuri Gagarin's flight into space, 11 mongrels had been there. The famous circled the Earth 18 times and returned safely. Moreover, six months later, Strelka gave birth to six absolutely healthy puppies.

actors

Dogs successfully mastered the profession of actors in ancient times, participating in performances of traveling circuses and street theater performances. With the advent of cinema, they immediately began to get roles, small and large. Charlie Chaplin noted that "children and dogs are the best actors in movies". « Dog life"- the first film of the great comedian, in which he was both the author of the script and the director.

The best films starring dogs are:

Military specialty dogs

The history of mankind is inextricably linked with wars, and dogs, along with their owners, participated in them. For example, a dog legion fought in the Carthaginian army. Dressed in armor and chain mail, the dogs rushed at the opponents' horses, grabbing them by the nostrils.

During the years of the Great Patriotic War dogs blew up tanks and trains, delivered ammunition and reports to hard-to-reach combat points, laid a telephone cable, went on reconnaissance, found seriously wounded soldiers and brought orderlies to them.

Central School of Military Dog Breeding during the war, 68 thousand dogs were trained on various types services. Her four-legged graduates:

• destroyed 300 enemy tanks;
• neutralized more than 4 million mines and land mines;
• more than 680 thousand seriously wounded were taken out;
• transported 3,500 tons of military cargo;
• delivered over 200 thousand combat documents and reports.

At present, dogs do not rush under tanks and the wounded are not evacuated from the battlefield. But their abilities in military affairs remain indispensable. Even with the use of modern technology and electronic equipment, it is impossible to do without border guard dogs. By the way, dogs in the border troops began to be used on the orders of Alexander III "to detect smugglers."

One of the most difficult military dog ​​professions is a sapper. well trained the dog is able to smell a mine at a depth of 1.5 meters, suspended at a height of 2 meters, landmines, booby traps and stretch marks. A sapper with a mine-detecting dog works 4-5 times more efficiently than with a mine detector or with a probe.

healers

The last profession mastered by our four-legged friends is the treatment of people. Although people have known about the healing effects of communicating with four-legged friends since ancient times, official medicine has recognized this not so long ago. Now public and private medical and rehabilitation centers that use canistherapy (treatment with dogs) are successfully operating. Shaggy therapists successfully treat cerebral palsy, hyperactivity, cardiovascular diseases, disorders of speech and psychomotor development, depression, psychological trauma, contribute to adaptation to Everyday life patients with Down syndrome, autism, recovery of patients after a stroke.

Companions

Each dog, regardless of breed and abilities, successfully copes with its main duty - a companion. They do not let you get bored, energize and positive, disinterestedly and devotedly love.

Attention, only TODAY!

On February 8, 1816, in the Scottish county of Aberdeenshire, during the liquidation of a criminal gang, a bull terrier showed heroism, throwing himself at the bandits and knocking them to the ground. This was the first time dogs were used in police operations.

The basic Instinct

The first profession that our four-legged friends mastered was hunting. Over time, man has become so successful in using dogs in the extraction of game and large animals that he has developed several breeds, each of which specializes in one specific type of hunting.

The hounds track down the beast and pursue it, chasing it to the hunters.

Greyhounds are used for gunless hunting for hares and foxes. They chase the beast and grab it on the run.

Pointers are designed for hunting game birds.

Burrow dogs, which include terriers and dachshunds, take a badger and a fox in a hole.

Laikas are versatile hunting dogs. They are used in a wide range - from game hunting to bear baiting.

cow mentors

After people began to lead a sedentary lifestyle, dogs began to be used as shepherds. They are able to drive away predators from the herd, and to ensure that animals do not disperse. Collies, Mudies, Sennenhunds and various shepherds have mastered the profession of shepherds - from the peaceful Swiss to the ferocious Caucasian, called wolfhounds ... In total, about fifty breeds of dogs are involved in pasture work.

Border is locked tight

Until recently, sentry functions were perhaps the most popular. Guard dogs guard village houses, and cottages, and army warehouses, and airfields, and penitentiary institutions, and state border. In this service, as a rule, Caucasian and German Shepherds, Rottweilers, Bulldogs, Moscow watchdogs are used. They require devotion to the owner, a negative attitude towards outsiders and selflessness.

four-legged cops

AT recent times the specialization of dogs serving in the police has changed significantly. If before they were required primarily to have strength qualities, now they are engaged in “fine work”. And this is due to the need for guaranteed detection of prohibited substances - explosives, weapons, drugs, various chemicals. Because at the moment the dog copes with such work much better than the instruments. The most sensitive dogs are able to capture 500 trillion parts, that is, to detect a concentration that corresponds to the presence of 0.5 milligrams of the desired substance in 1 ton.

Of course, the ability to find a criminal on the trail is still in demand. The most sensitive "sniffers" can take a trail left 4 days ago and go 150 kilometers without losing a trace.

Spaniels, Rottweilers, German Shepherds, Labradors, and Dachshunds are primarily hired for such work. But the nature of search dogs and those that "scan luggage" is significantly different. If the former must show a certain aggression towards the persecuted, then the latter, being naturally phlegmatic, do not react to any external provocations.

Ministry of Emergency Situations

The detective abilities of dogs are in demand not only in law enforcement agencies. In the 17th century, St. Bernards were used as rescue dogs in the Swiss Alps. They discovered and dug up people covered in snow after a blizzard. Rescue dogs are still in use today. And not only in the mountains. During earthquakes or man-made disasters, they find people under the rubble. So, for example, they had a lot of work after the September 11 terrorist attack on the New York Twin Towers. They also work on the water, saving drowning people. The best rescuers are Newfoundlands, large and hardy dogs.

Mercy dogs

Another "humane" profession is the guardianship of people with physical disabilities. Guide dogs help the blind. These are unique animals. Firstly, they must have high intelligence in order to perfectly navigate in a wide variety of everyday situations. Secondly, it takes a lot of time to train them, and highly qualified specialists act as trainers.

The first guide schools began to emerge in Germany after the First World War. In the 1930s they appeared in the New World. In the Soviet Union - in the 60s.

Dogs also help the deaf, drawing their attention to certain sounds to which they are trained.

As a rule, Rottweilers, German Shepherds, Labradors, Giant Schnauzers are attracted to this service.

In war as in war

During World War II, there was a huge conscription of four-legged animals into the army - more than 70 thousand. Dogs were orderlies. With a bag of medicines, they searched for the wounded under fire, determining whether the fighter was alive or not. If he was unconscious, then they licked his face, bringing him to life. And they waited for the wounded to take bandages and medicines from the bag. They also evacuated the wounded from the battlefield, working in teams of 3-4 dogs.

Communication dogs pulled telephone wires. The sapper dogs found the mines. Courier dogs delivered dispatches and ammunition. There were also kamikaze dogs. With explosives, they rushed under the tanks, undermined the echelons behind enemy lines.

"Serve" dogs in the army and now. But in peacetime, their functions are limited to solving sentry tasks.

The plane is good, but the dogs are better

There is a regional canine profession. So, for example, in the North, sled dogs are used to move across the tundra on sleds. These are strong, not afraid of cold, hardy animals, capable of traveling considerable distances without food and warming the owner during a snow storm. Huskies, huskies, malamutes, Samoyeds, Norwegian sled dogs are capable of this.

space explorers

In 1957, a new canine profession arose - an astronaut dog. The four-legged cosmonauts called not purebred dogs, but curs picked up on the street. This is due to the fact that they are less whimsical, not afraid of stress and more adaptable to extreme conditions. At the same time, their weight was limited to 6 kilograms, and height - 35 centimeters.

Laika was the first to be launched into orbit on November 3, 1957, which was doomed because the rocket did not have a descent module. On July 28, 1960, Chanterelle and Chaika flew in the "adult" ship "Vostok". However, the rocket exploded 38 seconds later.

From August 19, 1960 to March 25, 1961, 5 more Vostok launches were made, 8 dogs became their “passengers”. One launch was unsuccessful, killing Bee and Mushka. As a result of space experiments, Belka, Strelka, Zhulka, Zhemchuzhina, Chernushka and Zvezdochka survived.

The next with a score of 6:5 in favor of S.P. Queen flew Gagarin.