What is horseradish. horseradish

Horseradish is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Cabbage family, with a powerful, fleshy root. Its stem is erect, branched at the top, up to 120 cm high, hollow, furrowed. Basal leaves are large, elongated or elongated-oval, serrated along the edge, with a heart-shaped base. The lower stem leaves are pinnatipartite, the upper ones are oblong-lanceolate or linear, entire. The flowers are bisexual, regular, white, in many-flowered racemes collected in a paniculate inflorescence. Horseradish blooms in May-June. The fruit is an elongated oval, swollen pod.

Many varieties of cultivated horseradish have been bred; amateurs grow it in garden plots. It should be taken into account, however, the tendency of horseradish to grow rapidly, therefore it is usually placed along the periphery of the plots.

Its relatives are mustard, watercress, radish. There are different opinions about the origin of horseradish. It was known to the ancient Romans and Greeks, Egyptians. A plant that spreads easily and is now found in many countries in the wild. Most botanists consider horseradish to be an original Russian spicy-aromatic plant.

From 1500 BC it was used by the Greeks as a dish and seasoning, one of the most bitter and spicy. It was believed that horseradish not only stimulates appetite, but also activates vitality. It was used to make ointments for the treatment of rheumatism.

For medicinal purposes, horseradish roots harvested in the fall are used. To keep them from drying out, they are stored in cellars, in boxes with wet sand. The roots of the plant are included in the Pharmacopoeia of many foreign countries, in particular France, Switzerland, Brazil and some others.

Horseradish is harvested in late autumn before frost or in spring. It is recommended to store at a temperature of -1 to +1 degrees, sprinkled with dry sand. Horseradish is used as a seasoning for meat and fish dishes, sausages. The leaves are used for pickling and pickling vegetables. Traditional Russian spice - grated horseradish. It improves the taste of dishes and stimulates the appetite.

Useful properties of horseradish

Horseradish contains fiber, essential oils, phytoncides, a lot of vitamin C, as well as vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, folic acid, as well as such macro and microelements as: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, iron, manganese , copper and arsenic, horseradish root also contains sugar, various amino acids, a bactericidal protein substance - lysozyme and organic compounds.

Horseradish contains five times more vitamin C than oranges and lemons. In terms of the content of ascorbic acid, horseradish is not inferior to the fruits of blackcurrant, and only in ripe red pepper is there more of it.

In the roots, the glycoside sinigrin was found, the splitting of which produces allyl mustard oil and lysozyme, which has a bactericidal effect. Allyl mustard oil causes a sharp smell and taste of horseradish, has a pronounced local effect, causes flushing of the skin and burning pain, and with prolonged action can cause burns and gangrene. Its vapors cause severe coughing and lacrimation. Taken orally in small doses, it enhances the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates appetite. In large doses, it can cause severe gastroenteritis.

Ascorbic acid, the enzyme myrosin, allyl mustard essential oil were found in the leaves and roots.

The healing properties of horseradish have long been known to medicine. Horseradish improves intestinal activity, has choleretic, expectorant, antiscorbutic properties. It is prescribed for colds, various inflammatory processes, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver diseases, gout, rheumatism, bladder, skin diseases.

In folk medicine, sciatica has long been treated with horseradish. To do this, freshly grated horseradish gruel was smeared on a cloth and applied to a sore spot like a mustard plaster.

Horseradish is very useful to add to food to prevent acute respiratory diseases. In case of hypothermia, in order to prevent a cold, it is recommended to make horseradish poultices to the feet and shins. As a cough medicine, traditional healers recommend using horseradish with honey: mix finely grated horseradish with honey in equal proportions and give the patient 2-3 times a day for a full teaspoon.

In the book Dr. Laskin's Anti-Cancer Diet, horseradish vapor is mentioned as a remedy and prevention against metastases.

The doctor advises to grate the horseradish root on a fine grater, and breathe horseradish vapor a couple of times a day for 5-15 minutes.

The juice of the fresh roots has long been used as a diuretic, especially in India, and also as a distraction for inflammation of the sciatic nerve. If you have flux or gum disease, then take 1 tsp. freshly grated horseradish, pour 1 glass of water (you can also pour a glass of wine) and leave to infuse for 4 hours. Then strain the infusion and rinse your mouth with it every 30 minutes. The flux will pass quickly.

Diluted horseradish juice with sugar or honey is used for rinsing the mouth and throat in inflammatory processes and tonsillitis. The root juice is instilled into the ears for inflammation and purulent discharge, and for the treatment of purulent wounds, gruel is used in the form of a compress - as a local irritant and distraction.

While we eat horseradish with jelly, we treat our various sores with roots, in the USA scientists have put horseradish in the category of strategically important products for medicine, defense and the space industry. Studies by Japanese scientists have shown that the substances contained in the rhizomes of horseradish actively prevent the occurrence of caries. Horseradish contains substances that prevent the growth of bacteria that cause caries. Currently, scientists in Japan are working on the creation of a new toothpaste based on horseradish rhizomes. There is only one catch: scientists do not yet know how to neutralize the “aroma” of horseradish that is atypical for toothpaste.

Dangerous properties of horseradish

Horseradish is irritating to mucous membranes and skin and can cause burns if abused. Also, it should be used with caution in certain diseases of the digestive tract, kidneys and liver, including chronic gastritis, ulcers and colitis of various origins. It is considered a contraindication to the use of horseradish and children's age.

Also, do not use horseradish for acute inflammation in the internal organs, during pregnancy and in cases of individual intolerance.

Horseradish intake is advised to limit, as in large doses it can increase blood pressure and cause side bleeding. It is not even recommended for women with heavy menstruation, as it contributes to increased bleeding.

In addition, doctors do not advise eating horseradish for people using medicines with chloramphenicol, since the antimicrobial components contained in the product interfere with the action of the drug.

From the video you will learn the whole process of making homemade vigorous horseradish, from digging it up to serving it.

The bright green foliage of horseradish is familiar to everyone - this annoying weed can aggressively multiply on the site, preventing other plants from fully developing. However, despite its unflattering fame, horseradish is a very useful plant because it has healing properties. The article is devoted to the description of horseradish and an overview of how to use the herb as a medicine.

Botanical description and range of common horseradish

The herb is a member of the Cabbage family, or Cruciferous. An unpretentious perennial can be recognized by a long, straight stem, reaching a height of 0.4 to 1.5 m, long, large oval-shaped leaves and a very powerful rhizome. The horseradish root is so large and goes so deep into the ground that even if you try to pull the plant out of the ground completely, some part of the rhizome will remain and will continue to live for a long time. From May to July, common horseradish blooms with small snow-white flowers with a symmetrical structure. At the end of the growing season, the plant forms pods - fruits. Despite their presence, horseradish mainly reproduces vegetatively, since the seeds rarely have time to ripen in temperate latitudes.

Scientists have found that the homeland of the plant is the southern part of Russia or Ukraine; however, today horseradish can be found almost anywhere in the world where the soil is sufficiently fertile and moist. The culture is grown in Russia, Belarus, Germany and Ukraine as a spice. Other popular nicknames for grass: pepper root, village horseradish, meat grass, forest radish.

The chemical composition of horseradish

In folk remedies, a thick grass root is used, but useful substances are found in all parts of the plant. So, all components of horseradish are rich in essential oil with a characteristic odor. The rhizome consists mainly of carbohydrates (74%), ascorbic acid (1/4%), protein lysozyme, phosphorus, thiamine, carotene, vitamins (B, C, PP), polysaccharides, resins, mineral salts, iron, potassium are also present. , calcium, copper, starch and riboflavin. The leaves of the forest radish contain alkaloids, and the seeds contain fatty oil.

Preparation of horseradish leaves and root for medicinal purposes

The collection of horseradish roots should be carried out in the fall (1-2 years of the plant's life) or in early spring, before the formation of young foliage - this is how you get good, juice-filled raw materials. The collection procedure is as follows: the rhizomes are dug up with a shovel or fork, checked for the presence of dust and worms, then they are cleaned of clods of earth and cut off from the tops. Too long shoots can be cut into pieces 25 cm long and collected in bunches. Especially good for long-term storage are rhizomes with a thickness of 6 cm or more.

Useful properties of horseradish (video)

Next, you need to decide in what form and for how long the collected raw materials will be stored. So, fresh roots can be used, and then you need to carefully monitor that the upper part of the root remains intact; you need to leave them at a temperature of 0 to + 2 ° C and high humidity (from 80%). Pepper root is recommended to be stored in wooden containers, sprinkled with sand or peat. Fresh roots give the juice, so highly valued by the people, rich in active substances.

Another option is to dry the roots, and then they need to be washed with cold water, cleaned of lateral processes and dried a little in the open air. The second step is to grind the raw materials and put small pieces on the battery or in the oven. In the case of the latter, drying is carried out with the door open - this reduces the risk of burning raw materials. The dried material should be ground with a mill, packed in jars and stored in a cool room.

As for the leaves, they are also best collected at the turn of summer and autumn. They must be cut, washed thoroughly, dried, chopped and stored in a glass jar with a tight lid.

Useful and medicinal properties of horseradish

In addition to cooking, wild radish is effective in the fight against a wide range of diseases. Some of the ailments for which a remedy based on horseradish will have a positive effect on the patient's condition:

• Influenza, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia;
• toothache and headache;
• Otitis and ear pus;
• Anacid gastritis, colitis, liver disease (not inflammatory!);
• Dysentery, giardiasis, hypertension, anemia;
• Dropsy;
• Radiculitis, gout, rheumatism;
• Scurvy;
• Wounds, ulcers, allergies;
• Moral and physical exhaustion;
• Freckles, age spots.

Among other useful properties are diuretic, analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, expectorant, antifungal, choleretic effects; horseradish is also used as a means to increase appetite. In the scientific field, horseradish peroxidase is used as an enzyme.

Contraindications and harm horseradish

Since horseradish is a pungent plant, it is able to irritate the mucous membrane in some way when taken orally, it is necessary to strictly observe the recommended dosages of horseradish as a medicine. Horseradish never treat inflammatory processes in the intestinal tract (for example, stomach ulcers, gastritis with high acidity, nephritis, duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis). In addition, forest radish is categorically not recommended for use by those suffering from kidney edema, lactating and pregnant women, children under 12 years old. Attention: when rubbed, common horseradish can greatly irritate the eyes and epithelium.

The use of horseradish in folk medicine

The presence of mustard oil and lysozyme in the peppered root determines its pharmacological properties as a medicinal plant, so it is very popular in the art of herbal treatment. Below are the most current recipes.

How to clean horseradish (video)

Recipe for horseradish tincture on vodka

Horseradish - another name for horseradish tincture with alcohol - is very popular as an alcoholic drink that can tone the body and help fight colds. There are a huge number of recipes for making horseradish. One of them is based on the use of horseradish roots, honey, black allspice and cloves. One liter of vodka accounts for 300 g of dry rhizome. Raw materials need to be washed, peeled and cut into strips. Honey is melted on the stove, then all the other ingredients are put on it. The resulting gruel is poured with half a liter of vodka and shaken until the honey is completely dissolved. Then the remaining vodka is poured into the container. The bottle is infused for 2 months in a dark place.

Horseradish for joint diseases

Forest radish will perfectly cope with acute pain in case of sciatica: it is necessary to apply a compress on the disturbing part of the body for 10 minutes. The procedure is repeated until complete recovery.

Wild radish will bring many benefits in the fight against arthritis. To do this, mix a tablespoon of grass root and a glass of grated potatoes. The mixture is applied to the diseased joint for 120 minutes.

Rheumatoid arthritis will also recede if you prepare an infusion of horseradish with onions.. The roots collected in early spring must be processed with a meat grinder and collect 0.5 liters of juice from them - the same amount of juice will be needed from onions. Root gruel and onion juice are mixed in a basin, then clarified kerosene is added to them. The resulting mixture is placed in a two-liter jar and buried to a depth of 0.5 m for three weeks. After the expiration of the period, the remedy should be used every day in the evening: the mixture is applied to the sore joint, and then the problem area needs to be insulated (put on tights, tie a woolen scarf) and immediately go to bed.

How to make cough medicine from horseradish

What horseradish remedies can help a person who coughs? A mixture of crushed rustic horseradish root and honey, taken in equal proportions, has repeatedly proven its effectiveness. Helps both adults and children, taken orally 1 tsp. 3 times/day.

How to use horseradish to treat the liver

A decoction of horseradish with milk will help improve the condition of the internal organ. 4 tbsp grated rhizomes of grass are poured with a glass of milk and brought to a boil (do not boil). The entire volume of the broth is filtered and drunk fresh during the same day. The procedure is repeated until the symptoms disappear.

Common horseradish juice

The juice obtained from the root of the meat grass is used for nephrolithiasis, influenza, rheumatism and gout. Raw materials are diluted in half a glass of water, dosage: 1 tsp. three times a day.

Allergy treatment

The rhizome is rubbed, squeezed out - you should get 1 tbsp. l. juice. The raw material is mixed with the same amount of sour cream and infused for 1-2 days. The gruel is applied to cleansed skin and left overnight. To avoid stains on bedding, sleep on an extra layer of fabric.

Horseradish remedy for giardiasis

An infusion of water from the root of forest radish and honey will help from lamblia. To prepare the product, 2-3 roots are taken. The raw material is washed, cleaned of small shoots and crushed with a knife (shavings). The material is poured with a liter of cooled boiled water, infused for three days under the lid, and then filtered. The resulting infusion is mixed with honey in equal parts and re-infused for another 3 days in the room. At the second stage, it is recommended to shake the container regularly so that the honey dissolves properly. The resulting drug can be given even to children. Adults - 1 tablespoon, children - 1 dess. l. three times a day on an empty stomach.

Horseradish treatment for sore throats

Those suffering from sore throat are advised to squeeze the juice from the root, add it to warm water in a ratio of 1: 3 and gargle with it. Another recipe - the root is rubbed or passed through a meat grinder, mixed with honey and infused for half a day. The infusion is filtered and drunk in 1 tbsp. 3-4 times a day before meals.

The use of horseradish in cooking

Due to its unusual, bright taste properties, horseradish is popular among culinary specialists: seasoning is added to meat, fish dishes, put in jelly, salads, pates. Also, forest radish is great for vegetable pickles, as it prevents the appearance of mold and cloudy brine.

How to cook horseradish (video)

Horseradish can be a person's best friend when it comes to healing procedures or choosing the right seasoning for a dish. However, you need to be careful and always consult a specialist before turning to traditional medicine.

Horseradish

noun, m., use comp. often

Morphology: (no) what? hell and fuck, what? fuck, (see) what? horseradish, how? horseradish, about what? about shit

1. horseradish called a herbaceous plant of the cruciferous family, with a thickening on the root, which contains a caustic essential oil.

Plant horseradish. | Dig up shit. | Meadow shit. | In the European part and in the Caucasus, horseradish is widely cultivated and often runs wild.

2. horseradish the bitter root of this plant is called.

Fresh horseradish. | Dirty crap. | Grind horseradish on a grater and season with a solution of citric acid, salt, sugar.

3. horseradish called bitter sauce, a spicy seasoning for meat and aspic dishes, which is prepared from the root of the plant.

Horseradish beef. | Separately, serve horseradish sauce with vinegar or mayonnaise sauce with gherkins. | Some classic Russian dishes are served only with horseradish: suckling pig, aspic.

4. Expression horseradish radish is not sweeter used in the case when it comes to the impossibility, the difficulty of choosing between two equally bad, unsatisfactory possibilities for solving a problem, getting out of a situation.

swear words

5. Expression went to hell is a rude way to point out to some person the undesirability of his presence, participation, advice, etc.

6. Horseradish is a rude, abusive name for a man.

And what the hell is this?

7. old fuck rudely called an old man.

8. If someone says that he, for example, no shit does not understand, does not understand something, then this means that this person in a rude form declares his ignorance of something, ignorance of something, etc.

9. If someone says a phrase hell knows, then this means that this person in a rude form declares that he does not know anything about someone or something.

10. If someone asks What the fuck (you need it)?, then this means that this person in a rude form expresses doubt about the expediency, necessity of some object, your planned action, etc.

11. If someone says it's in the store no shit, then this means that this person is rudely reporting that there is nothing there (that he or you need).

12. Rough expression Don't fuck yourself! used to express extreme surprise.

13. If someone asks, for example, What the hell are you doing here?, then this means that this person in a very rude form asks another person why he is in that place.

14. If someone speaks to another person Fuck you!, then this means that this person no longer has claims to another, lets him go without punishment, etc.

15. If someone speaks Fuck you!, then this means that this person in a rude form refuses something to another.

shitty adj.

sucks nar.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Dmitriev. D.V. Dmitriev. 2003 .

See what "horseradish" is in other dictionaries:

horseradish- 1, and y ... Russian spelling dictionary

horseradish- horseradish/ … Morphemic spelling dictionary

Ordinary. General view of a flowering plant ... Wikipedia

horseradish- FUCK, a, m. 1. usually neglected. Anyone. 2. Male sexual organ. My dear, out of melancholy, horseradish knocked out two boards, the power of the Soviet people is growing year by year (chastushka). Andrey, keep the hell up cheerful jokel. proverb with own Andrey. Have flown... ... Dictionary of Russian Argo

A (y); m. 1. Herbaceous plant family. cruciferous, with a thickening at the root, containing a caustic essential oil (used as a seasoning for meat and fish dishes). Plant x. Dig x. 2. The bitter root of this plant; spicy seasoning for food ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Husband. crap, crap masculine, novg., tver. fuck, fuck man. plant Cochlearia armoracea, esp. spicy root of it, food seasoning. Horseradish beef. Horseradish is served separately; pig under horseradish. Pour in sour cream. | Wild horseradish, plant… … Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

HORSERADISH- rhizome of a perennial plant. In the USSR it is grown everywhere. Horseradish is harvested in late autumn, before frost, or in spring. Horseradish should be stored at a temperature of 1° to + 1°, it is best to sprinkle it with dry sand. Horseradish… … The Concise Encyclopedia of the Household

FUCK, horseradish, pl. no, husband. 1. A plant from the family. cruciferous with a large root containing a pungent essential oil. 2. The root of this plant, used. as a spicy seasoning for food. Terrible horseradish. Piglet under horseradish. "Radish horseradish is not sweeter." pogov. ❖ Old… Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

A spicy plant, the root of which is used as a seasoning for boiled fish and meat dishes, and the leaves in pickles of cucumbers and tomatoes. To prepare horseradish as a seasoning, you need to grate the well-peeled and washed root on a fine grater ... Culinary Dictionary

FUCK, a (y), husband. Plant family. cruciferous with a root containing a caustic essential oil, as well as the root of this plant, used. as a seasoning for food. Old horseradish (simply swearing) about an old man. Radish horseradish is not sweeter than the last. about one bad thing… … Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Books

• Horseradish: myths and reality, Neumyvakin. The new book by Professor I.P. Neumyvakin is a story about a simple but very rich plant with useful properties. Horseradish is considered a native Russian plant and is recognized not only as…

And cereals.

Lighting- shady areas.

Watering- moisture-loving.

The soil- acidic, moist soils.

Landing- rhizomes.

Horseradish is a perennial plant. In height, it can reach 1.5 m. The stem is erect, hollow, furrowed. Branched at the top. The flowers are white, correct, collected in inflorescences. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruits of the plant are oval, oblong pods. They usually never mature. The plant is distributed in the Caucasus, Siberia, Europe, the Far East, Central Asia, and the European part of Russia. The benefits of horseradish are well known. The plant owes its antibacterial properties to phytoncides and essential oils. They help destroy harmful microbes and protect the human body from infectious diseases. In small quantities, the oil helps to dilate blood vessels, and in large quantities, it constricts.

horseradish leaves

Horseradish leaves are large, oval-shaped, long-petiolate, oblong, serrated along the edge. Leaves perfectly help to cleanse the body of toxins, toxins and salt deposits. They are rich in vitamins and carotene. It is very easy to prepare a healing tincture from the leaves. A liter jar must be filled with chopped leaves and poured with water. Close tightly with a lid. Infuse for a couple of weeks in a dark place. After 2 weeks, strain the tincture and take 1 tablespoon before meals. The course of treatment can last up to 3 months. This tincture can help with a runny nose, sinusitis. In the spring, it will strengthen the body well after a long winter. Externally, it is used for pain in the muscles and back.

Horseradish root and its beneficial properties

Horseradish. Horseradish rhizomes contain a lot of vitamin C, phytoncides, sulfur, essential oil and sinegrin glucoside, which causes a spicy taste. In folk medicine, horseradish is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal and colds, as well as inflammatory processes. Horseradish is an indispensable seasoning for cold meat, jelly and fish in aspic; its leaves are used in canning vegetables.

The beneficial properties of horseradish are widely known. It is a nutritious and healing herb. It is often used in folk medicine. It helps to treat and prevent many ailments and diseases. In addition, it can increase appetite. Most often, horseradish roots are used for medicinal purposes. The rhizome of the plant is long, many-headed and fleshy. You can harvest the root throughout the year. However, it is best to do this in the spring, when the leaves have not yet grown. Dig up the roots with a shovel or pitchfork. After digging, the root is shaken off the soil, washed, dried and stored in boxes filled with sand. In the subfield, the root can lie until spring. It contains carbohydrates, fats, starch, mineral salts, ascorbic acid, essential oils, resinous and nitrogenous substances.

The plant is used for dropsy, anemia, difficulty urinating, diseases of the respiratory organs, when menstruation stops, chronic rheumatism, gout, scurvy. They treat many skin diseases. It helps to remove stones from the bladder, improves bowel function. Normalizes metabolism. Root tincture is used for malaria. It helps with toothache, heals festering wounds and ulcers. If you wash your face with infusion, then freckles, dark spots and sunburn will disappear. Grated gruel is externally used in compresses for backache, bronchial asthma, sciatica, rheumatism, arthritis. For back pain, gout, neuralgia, toothache, headache. Porridge can be used instead of mustard plasters. In addition, it is rubbed into the head for baldness. Juice can be instilled into the ears with purulent inflammation.

Juice is drunk for colitis, urolithiasis, hepatitis, menstrual irregularities and dysmenorrhea. The healing properties of horseradish in grated form last only a week. For this reason, it is better not to buy ready-made jars of rubbed root in the store, but to prepare the gruel yourself.

The use of vegetables is contraindicated in inflammatory diseases of the kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract.

Cultivation of horseradish: planting and reproduction

The best quality horseradish products are obtained on light loamy and sandy loamy soils with a neutral reaction, well seasoned with organic fertilizers, with a low location of groundwater. Horseradish roots penetrate the soil up to a depth of three meters. They have many dormant buds from which new plants develop, so when harvesting, it is necessary to carefully clean the area from the roots.

There are few breeding varieties of horseradish: Tolpukhovsky and Atlant. Gardeners on their plots mainly use local horseradish clones of folk selection (Suzdal, Rostov).

Commercial products of horseradish are grown for one or two years. Planting material is root cuttings 30 cm long and 12 mm in diameter. They are harvested in autumn at harvest. The upper part of the cuttings is cut at a right angle, the lower - obliquely. The cuttings are stored in the sand in the basement, horseradish is planted in early spring in rows with a distance of 50 cm between them, in a row between plants - 25 cm. During the summer, they weed several times, loosen, carry out 2 top dressing, if necessary, if it is dry and hot, they water it.

Growing horseradish is quite simple. It is an unpretentious plant, cold-resistant. It is best to choose semi-shaded places, acidic and humid.

Horseradish is planted in the spring, and planting material is prepared in the fall. The culture propagates by rhizomes. The lateral roots of the plant are best suited for planting. The most important thing in the spring is not to plant the stalk "upside down". To better navigate, when cutting, one cut can be made oblique, the second transverse. Planting material must be stored in the basement under a layer of earth. The soil for planting must be well cultivated. Landing is best done in moist soil. Organic fertilizers should be applied under the previous crop. Planting care mainly consists of loosening, weeding and regular watering. The best varieties are

Distribution and ecology

In nature, it grows along the banks of rivers, in damp places.

Botanical description

Ascorbic acid (0.35%), carotene, alkaloids were found in the leaves; in seeds - fatty oil and alkaloids.

Since ancient times, horseradish mixed with other ingredients has been an indispensable seasoning for jelly and fish aspic, as well as for cold boiled meat. Horseradish is served with fried meat, sausages, smoked meat, ham, fatty pork, boiled beef, tongue and roast beef. It is added to various mayonnaises, cottage cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut, cucumbers and other vegetables. These mixtures are served with fried and boiled meat, fish, and cold appetizers.

A mixture of grated horseradish with sour cream or apples serves as a good seasoning for fish, especially carp, cod, eel and salmon.

Application in medicine

In Russia and in Rus', horseradish has long been widely used in folk medicine. The root juice has pronounced antibacterial properties, is used for influenza, for rinsing the mouth and throat with sore throat, tonsillitis, toothache, it is placed in the ears for inflammation and purulent discharge. Fresh horseradish juice and its aqueous dilutions increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach and are effective in the treatment of anacid gastritis (the use of horseradish is dangerous in inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, liver and kidneys). In the experiment, it was shown that a water decoction of horseradish has a positive effect in the treatment of dysentery, liver diseases and giardiasis, as well as hypertension. Due to the high content of vitamin C in all parts of the plant, horseradish is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of viral hepatitis. The root boiled in beer with juniper berries is used for dropsy.

In folk medicine, horseradish was used as an appetite enhancer, to improve the activity of the digestive tract, for edema, diseases of the kidneys, bladder and liver, as an expectorant for inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. With scurvy, a tendency to bleeding, physical and mental exhaustion, malaria, they used a tincture of horseradish roots inside, and gruel in the form of a compress as a local irritant and distraction (somewhat weaker than mustard) was used externally for sciatica, gout, rheumatism, and also for the treatment of purulent wounds . Peter the Great issued a decree according to which each farmstead should have several quarters of horseradish vodka, especially for those people who are engaged in physical labor. Lotions with grated horseradish are used for bruises and fungal skin lesions.

In cosmetics, horseradish infusion removes freckles, spots and sunburn on the face.

Proverbs and sayings

• Ephraim loves horseradish, and Fedka loves radish.
• In a foreign land and sweet in mustard, and in the homeland and horseradish for a lollipop.
• I’m not happy to hell with a grater, but dancing on its sides.
• Greetings for greetings and love for love, and to the envious - to hell and pepper, and even then not from our table.
• A radish came, yes to hell, yes the book of Ephraim (great post).
• For seven years the worm hibernated in horseradish, but did not know the taste.
• The same pike, but under horseradish.
• Fuck cheap, but what's the point in it?
• Radish horseradish is not sweeter (radish horseradish is not sweeter, the devil is not easier; radish horseradish is not sweeter, coal is not whiter than soot).
• What the hell, what mustard - there is little difference.

Classification

Taxonomy

View horseradish belongs to the genus Horseradish (Armoracia) of the Cabbage family ( Brassicaceae) order Brassicaceae ( Brassicales).

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Notes

Literature

• Bush, N. A.// Flora of the USSR: in 30 volumes / ch. ed. V. L. Komarov. - M.-L. : Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1939. - T. VIII / ed. volumes by N. A. Bush. - S. 142-143. - 696 + XXX p. - 5200 copies.
• Alekseev Yu. E. and others./ Rev. ed. doctor of biol. Sciences Rabotnov T. A. - M .: Thought, 1971. - T. 1. - S. 415-416. - 487 p. - 60,000 copies.
• Gubanov, I. A. and others. 635. Armoracia rusticana G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. - Common horseradish // . - M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, In-t technologist. issl., 2003. - V. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - S. 261. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9.
• All about medicinal plants in your beds / Ed. S. Yu. Radelova. - St. Petersburg. : LLC "SZKEO", 2010. - S. 84-87. - 224 p. - ISBN 978-5-9603-0124-4.
• Goncharova, T. A.// Encyclopedia of medicinal plants. - M .: House of SMEs, 1997.

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An excerpt characterizing Horseradish

Just as the sun and each atom of the ether are a ball, complete in itself, and at the same time only an atom of the whole inaccessible to man in terms of the immensity of the whole, so each person carries his own goals in himself and meanwhile wears them in order to serve common goals inaccessible to man. .
A bee sitting on a flower stung the child. And the child is afraid of bees and says that the purpose of the bee is to sting people. The poet admires the bee, clinging to the cup of the flower, and says that the purpose of the bee is to absorb the aroma of flowers into itself. The beekeeper, noticing that the bee collects flower dust and brings it to the hive, says that the purpose of the bee is to collect honey. Another beekeeper, having studied the life of the swarm more closely, says that the bee collects dust for feeding young bees and breeding the queen, that its purpose is to procreate. The botanist notices that, flying with the dust of a dioecious flower to the pistil, the bee fertilizes it, and the botanist sees the purpose of the bee in this. Another, observing the migration of plants, sees that the bee contributes to this migration, and this new observer can say that this is the purpose of the bee. But the ultimate goal of the bee is not exhausted by either one or the other, or the third goal that the human mind is able to discover. The higher the human mind rises in discovering these goals, the more obvious for it is the inaccessibility of the final goal.
Man can only observe the correspondence between the life of a bee and other phenomena of life. The same with the goals of historical persons and peoples.

The wedding of Natasha, who married Bezukhov in 13, was the last joyful event in the old Rostov family. In the same year, Count Ilya Andreevich died, and, as always happens, the old family fell apart with his death.
The events of the last year: the fire of Moscow and the flight from it, the death of Prince Andrei and the despair of Natasha, the death of Petya, the grief of the countess - all this, like blow after blow, fell on the head of the old count. He did not seem to understand and felt himself unable to understand the significance of all these events and, morally bending his old head, as if he expected and asked for new blows that would finish him off. He seemed now frightened and confused, then unnaturally lively and enterprising.
Natasha's wedding temporarily occupied him with its outer side. He ordered lunches and dinners and, apparently, wanted to appear cheerful; but his joy was not communicated, as before, but, on the contrary, aroused compassion in people who knew and loved him.
After Pierre and his wife left, he calmed down and began to complain of longing. A few days later he fell ill and went to bed. From the first days of his illness, despite the consolations of the doctors, he realized that he could not get up. The countess, without undressing, spent two weeks in an armchair at his head. Every time she gave him medicine, he silently kissed her hand, sobbing. On the last day, weeping, he asked for forgiveness from his wife and in absentia from his son for the ruin of the estate - the main guilt that he felt for himself. Having taken communion and having received special blessings, he died quietly, and the next day a crowd of acquaintances who had come to pay their last debt to the deceased filled the Rostovs' rented apartment. All these acquaintances, who had dined and danced with him so many times, laughed at him so many times, now all with the same feeling of inner reproach and tenderness, as if justifying themselves before someone, said: “Yes, whatever it was, but the most beautiful was human. You won’t meet such people today ... And who doesn’t have their weaknesses? .. ”
It was at a time when the count's affairs were so confused that it was impossible to imagine how it would all end if another year continued, he suddenly died.
Nicholas was with the Russian troops in Paris when the news of his father's death came to him. He immediately resigned and, without waiting for it, took a vacation and came to Moscow. The state of money affairs a month after the death of the count was completely outlined, surprising everyone with the enormity of the amount of various small debts, the existence of which no one suspected. There were twice as many debts as estates.
Relatives and friends advised Nicholas to abandon the inheritance. But Nikolay saw in the refusal of the inheritance an expression of reproach to the sacred memory of his father and therefore did not want to hear about the refusal and accepted the inheritance with the obligation to pay debts.
The creditors, who had been silent for so long, being bound during the life of the count by that indefinite but powerful influence that his licentious kindness had on them, suddenly all filed for recovery. There was, as always happens, a competition to see who would get it first, and those very people who, like Mitenka and others, had non-monetary bills of exchange—gifts—now became the most exacting creditors. Nikolai was given neither time nor rest, and those who, apparently, felt sorry for the old man who was the culprit of their loss (if there were losses), now ruthlessly attacked the apparently innocent young heir in front of them, who voluntarily took upon himself the payment.
None of the turnovers proposed by Nikolai succeeded; the estate was sold under the hammer at half price, and half of the debts still remained unpaid. Nikolai took the thirty thousand offered to him by his son-in-law Bezukhov to pay that part of the debts that he recognized as monetary, real debts. And in order not to be put in a hole for the remaining debts, which the creditors threatened him with, he again entered the service.
It was impossible to go to the army, where he was in the first vacancy of a regimental commander, because the mother now held on to her son, as to the last bait of life; and therefore, despite his unwillingness to remain in Moscow in the circle of people who knew him before, despite his disgust for the civil service, he took a place in the civil service in Moscow and, taking off his favorite uniform, settled with his mother and Sonya in a small apartment, on Sivtsev Vrazhka.
Natasha and Pierre lived at that time in St. Petersburg, having no clear idea about the situation of Nicholas. Nikolai, having borrowed money from his son-in-law, tried to hide his plight from him. Nikolai's situation was especially bad because with his one thousand two hundred rubles of salary he not only had to support himself, Sonya and his mother, but he had to support his mother so that she did not notice that they were poor. The countess could not understand the possibilities of life without the conditions of luxury familiar to her from childhood, and incessantly, not understanding how difficult it was for her son, she demanded either a carriage, which they did not have, to send for a friend, or expensive food for herself and wine for son, then money to make a surprise gift to Natasha, Sonya and the same Nikolai.
Sonya ran the household, looked after her aunt, read aloud to her, endured her whims and secret dislikes, and helped Nikolai hide from the old countess the state of need in which they were. Nikolai felt indebted to Sonya for everything she did for his mother, admired her patience and devotion, but tried to move away from her.
In his soul, he seemed to reproach her for being too perfect, and for the fact that there was nothing to reproach her for. It had everything for which people are valued; but it wasn't enough to make him love her. And he felt that the more he appreciated, the less he loved her. He took her at her word, in her letter, with which she gave him freedom, and now behaved with her as if everything that had been between them had long been forgotten and in no case could be repeated.